Philosopher David Chalmers points out that most modern attempts to explain consciousness fail to address the fundamental problem of subjective experience--i.e., what it is like to be conscious. He argues for a "naturalistic dualism" in which non-physical consciousness is viewed as a fundamental aspect of nature.

David Chalmers, Ph.D., is professor of philosophy at the University of California, Santa Cruz. He is author of The Conscious Mind: In Search of a Fundamental Theory."